Ukuminyana kwe-Bentonite Slurry
1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye nokusebenza kodaka
1.1 Ukuhlelwa
I-Bentonite, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-bentonite rock, idwala lobumba eliqukethe amaphesenti aphezulu e-montmorillonite, evame ukuqukatha inani elincane le-illite, i-kaolinite, i-zeolite, i-feldspar, i-calcite, njll. Phakathi kwazo, i-bentonite esekelwe ku-calcium ingase ihlukaniswe ngama-bentonites asekelwe e-calcium-sodium kanye ne-calcium-magnesium-based, futhi.
1.2 Ukusebenza
1) Izakhiwo Zomzimba
I-Bentonite imhlophe futhi iphuzi ngokukhanyayo ngokwemvelo ngenkathi ibonakala ngokumpunga okukhanyayo, i-pink eluhlaza okukhanyayo, obomvu onsundu, omnyama, njll. I-Bentonite iyahlukahluka ngokuqina ngenxa yezakhiwo zabo ezibonakalayo.
2) Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali
Izingxenye zamakhemikhali eziyinhloko ze-bentonite ziyi-silicon dioxide (SiO2), i-aluminium oxide (Al2O3) namanzi (H2O). Okuqukethwe kwe-iron oxide ne-magnesium oxide nakho kuphezulu ngezinye izikhathi, futhi i-calcium, i-sodium, i-potassium ngokuvamile ikhona ku-bentonite kokuqukethwe okuhlukile. Okuqukethwe kwe-Na2O ne-CaO ku-bentonite kwenza umehluko ezintweni ezibonakalayo namakhemikhali, ngisho nokucubungula ubuchwepheshe.
3) Izakhiwo Zomzimba Nezamakhemikhali
I-Bentonite ivelele ku-hygroscopicity yayo efanele, okungukuthi ukunwetshwa ngemva kokumuncwa kwamanzi. Inombolo yokwandisa ebandakanya ukumuncwa kwamanzi ifinyelela phezulu izikhathi ezingama-30. Ingahlakazwa emanzini ukuze yakhe i-viscous, i-thixotropic, kanye ne-lubricate ukumiswa kwe-colloidal. Iphenduka ibe lula futhi inamathele ngemva kokuxutshwa nemfucumfucu emihle njengamanzi, udaka noma isihlabathi. Iyakwazi ukumunca amagesi ahlukahlukene, uketshezi, nezinto eziphilayo, futhi umthamo omkhulu we-adsorption ungafinyelela isisindo esiphindwe ka-5. I-face-active acid bleaching Earth ingakhanga izinto ezinemibala.
Izakhiwo zomzimba namakhemikhali e-bentonite ikakhulukazi zincike ohlotsheni nokuqukethwe kwe-montmorillonite equkethe. Ngokuvamile, i-bentonite esekelwe kwi-sodium inezakhiwo eziphakeme zomzimba namakhemikhali kanye nokusebenza kobuchwepheshe kune-calcium-based noma i-magnesium-based bentonite.
2. Ukulinganisa Okuqhubekayo kwe-Bentonite Slurry
II-Lonnmeteremugqenibentoniteslurryukuminyanaimithaiku-inthanethiimitha ye-pulp densityevame ukusetshenziswa ezinqubweni zezimboni. Ukuminyana kwe-slurry kubhekisela esilinganisweni sesisindo sodaka nesisindo somthamo othile wamanzi. Ubukhulu bokuminyana kodaka olukalwa endaweni buncike esisindweni esiphelele se-slurry ne-drill cuttings odongeni. Isisindo se-admixtures kufanele sifakwe futhi uma sikhona.
3. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Slurry ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukene ze-Geological
Kunzima ukubhoboza imbobo ku-sander, amatshe, izingqimba zamatshe kanye nezindawo eziphukile zezakhiwo ezincane zokubopha phakathi kwezinhlayiya. Isihluthulelo senkinga sisekwenyuseni amandla okubopha phakathi kwezinhlayiya, futhi kuthatha udaka njengesithiyo esivikelayo kuleso sigaba.
3.1 Umthelela We-Slurry Density Esivinini Sokubhoboza
Ijubane lokumba liyancipha ngokukhula kwe-slurry density. Isivinini sokumba sincipha kakhulu , ikakhulukazi uma ukuminyana kwe-slurry kungaphezu kuka-1.06-1.10 g/cm3. Ukuphakama kwe-viscosity ye-slurry, ijubane lokumba liphansi.
3.2 Umthelela Wokuqukethwe Kwesihlabathi ku-Slurry Ekubhobolweni
Okuqukethwe yimfucumfucu yamatshe odaka kubangela ubungozi ekubhobolweni, okuholela ezimbobeni ezihlanzwe ngendlela engafanele futhi kubhajwe okulandelayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungase kubangele ukumunca kanye nenjabulo yokucindezela, okuholela ekuvuzeni noma ekubhidlikeni komthombo. Okuqukethwe kwesihlabathi kuphezulu futhi i-sediment emgodini iwugqinsi. Idala ukudilika kodonga lwembobo ngenxa ye-hydration, futhi kulula ukubangela ukuba isikhumba esiludaka siwe futhi sibangele izingozi emgodini. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-sediment kubangela ukuguga okukhulu kumapayipi, izinsimbi zokubhoboza, imikhono yesilinda yepompo yamanzi, nezinduku ze-piston, futhi impilo yabo yesevisi ifushane. Ngakho-ke, ngaphansi kwesisekelo sokuqinisekisa ibhalansi yokucindezela kokubunjwa, ukuminyana kwe-slurry kanye nokuqukethwe kwesihlabathi kufanele kuncishiswe ngangokunokwenzeka.
3.3 Ukuminyana Okuludaka Emhlabathini Othambile
Ezingqimbeni zenhlabathi ethambile, uma ukuminyana kwe-slurry kuphansi kakhulu noma isivinini sokumba sishesha kakhulu, kuzoholela ekubhidlikeni kwemigodi. Ngokuvamile kungcono ukugcina ukuminyana kwe-slurry ku-1.25g/cm3kulolu ungqimba lomhlabathi.
4. Amafomula ajwayelekile we-Slurry
Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-slurry kwezobunjiniyela, kodwa zingahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo ezilandelayo ngokuya ngamakhemikhali azo. Indlela yokulinganisa imi kanje:
4.1 I-Na-Cmc (Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose) I-Slurry
Le slurry iwudaka oluvame kakhulu oluthuthukisa i-viscosity, futhi i-Na-CMC idlala indima ekuthuthukisweni kwe-viscosity eyengeziwe kanye nokunciphisa ukulahleka kwamanzi. Ifomula ithi: 150-200g wobumba oludakayo olusezingeni eliphezulu, u-1000ml wamanzi, u-5-10Kg wesoda ash, kanye ne-6kg ye-Na-CMC. izakhiwo eziludaka yilezi: ukuminyana 1.07-1.1 g/cm3, viscosity 25-35s, ukulahlekelwa amanzi ngaphansi 12ml/30min, pH value mayelana 9.5.
4.2 I-Iron Chromium Salt-Na-Cmc Slurry
Le slurry inokuthuthukiswa okunamandla kwe-viscosity nokuzinza, futhi usawoti we-iron chromium udlala indima ekuvimbeleni ukugeleza (ukuhlanjululwa). Ifomula ithi: ubumba obungama-200g, amanzi angu-1000ml, cishe u-20% wokwengezwa kwesisombululo se-alkali esihlanzekile ngo-50% wokuhlushwa, u-0.5% wesisombululo sikasawoti we-ferrochromium ekugxilweni kuka-20%, kanye no-0.1% we-Na-CMC. Izakhiwo ze-slurry yilezi: ukuminyana 1.10 g/cm3, viscosity 25s, ukulahlekelwa kwamanzi 12ml/30min, pH 9.
4.3 I-Lignin Sulfonate Slurry
I-Lignin sulfonate itholakala ku-sulfite pulp waste liquid futhi ngokuvamile isetshenziswa ngokuhlanganiswa ne-alkali ejenti yamalahle ukuxazulula i-anti-flocculation kanye nokulahlekelwa kwamanzi kwe-slurry ngesisekelo sokwanda kwe-viscosity. Ifomula ingu-100-200kg wobumba, 30-40kg sulfite pulp waste liquid, 10-20kg wamalahle ejenti, 5-10kg NaOH, 5-10kg defoamer, kanye 900-1000L amanzi 1m3 slurry. Izakhiwo ze-slurry yilezi: ukuminyana 1.06-1.20 g/cm3, viscosity yefaneli 18-40s, ukulahlekelwa kwamanzi 5-10ml/30min, kanye ne-0.1-0.3kg Na-CMC kungangezwa ngesikhathi sokubhola ukuze kuqhutshekwe nokunciphisa ukulahleka kwamanzi.
4.4 I-Humic Acid Slurry
I-Humic acid slurry isebenzisa i-alkali ejenti yamalahle noma i-sodium humate njengesizinzisi. Ingasetshenziswa ngokuhlanganyela namanye ama-ejenti okwelapha afana ne-Na-CMC. Ifomula yokulungisa i-humic acid slurry iwukwengeza i-agent yamalahle engu-150-200kg (isisindo esomile), 3-5kg Na2CO3, kanye namanzi angu-900-1000L ku-1m3 wodaka. izakhiwo ze-slurry: ukuminyana 1.03-1.20 g/cm3, ukulahlekelwa kwamanzi 4-10ml/30min, pH 9.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-12-2025
