IBenfield Processiyisisekelo sezimboniukuhlanzwa kwegesi, eyamukelwa kabanzi ezitshalweni zamakhemikhali ukuze kukhishwe i-carbon dioxide (CO2) ne-hydrogen sulfide (H2S) emifudlaneni yegesi, iqinisekisa imiphumela ehlanzekile yokusetshenziswa kwe-ammonia synthesis, ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen, nokucubungula igesi yemvelo. Ukulawula okunembile kokugxiliswa kwalesi sixazululo sokukhuhla kubalulekile ukuze kuvinjelwe izinselele zokusebenza ezifana nokukhipha amagwebu, ukuncishiswa kokumunca kahle, noma ukugqwala kwemishini.Amamitha wokugxilisa we-potassium carbonate aphakathifuthii-inline potassium carbonate concentration analyzersukunikeza isisombululo soguquko ngokunikeza ukuqapha okuqhubekayo, kwesikhathi sangempela kwamazinga e-K2CO3 kanye ne-potassium bicarbonate (KHCO3), okuvumela ama-opharetha ukuba enze ngokugcweleinqubo yokuhlanza igesifuthi sizuze ukonga izindleko ezibalulekile.
Lo mhlahlandlela ophelele uhlola ubunjiniyela beInqubo ye-Benfield yokususwa kwegesi ye-asidi, kanye nezinzuzo zabo ezimbonini ezifanaizitshalo zokukhiqiza i-ammonia,izitshalo zokukhiqiza i-hydrogen,izitshalo zokucubungula igesi yemvelo,izitshalo ze-petrochemical,izitshalo eziqondile zokunciphisa insimbi, futhiizitshalo zamalahle ezigasification. Ngokuhlanganisa la mathuluzi athuthukile, abaqhubi bemishini bangathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle, baqinisekise ukuthotshelwa kwemithetho eqinile, futhi balethe imiphumela engaguquki, yekhwalithi ephezulu yegesi.
I-Chemistry kanye Nemishini Yenqubo ye-Benfield
IBenfield Process, ethuthukiswe yi-US Bureau of Mines futhi inikezwe ilayisense yi-UOP (manje eyingxenye ye-Honeywell), iyinqubo evuselelwe ngokushisa, ejikelezayo esebenzisa isixazululo se-K2CO3 esishisayo sokususa i-CO2 ne-H2S emifuleni yegesi. Kuyindlela ethenjwayo yeukuhlanzwa kwegesiezimbonini ezidinga amagesi ahlanzekile, njenge-ammonia synthesis kamanyolo, ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen yokucwenga, kanye nokucutshungulwa kwegesi yemvelo ngokucaciswa kwamapayipi. Inqubo isebenza ngezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko: ukumuncwa kanye nokuvuselela.
Phakathi nesigaba sokumunca, umfudlana wegesi wethulwa phansi kwekholomu ye-absorber, egeleza i-counter-current kusixazululo esishisayo se-K2CO3 (ngokuvamile i-20-30 wt%) emazingeni okushisa aphakathi kuka-100 ° C no-110 ° C nokucindezela okukhulu.
I-H2S iphinde imuncwe, yakhe eminye imikhiqizo yokusabela. Igesi ehlanziwe iphuma phezulu kwe-absorber, kuyilapho isisombululo esicebile, esithwele i-KHCO3, sidluliselwa ku-regenerator (i-stripper). Esigabeni sokuvuselela, isixazululo sishiswa ngesitimu noma singaphansi kokunciphisa ingcindezi, sibuyisela emuva ukusabela ukuze kukhululwe i-CO2 ne-H2S, ngaleyo ndlela sivuselele isisombululo se-K2CO3 ukuze sisetshenziswe kabusha. Le nqubo yomjikelezo iqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhubekayo, kodwa ukusebenza kahle kwayo kuncike ekugcineni ukugxila kwe-K2CO3 ne-KHCO3 okufanelekile ukuze kugwenywe izinkinga zokusebenza.
Kungani Ukulawulwa Kwemiqondo Kubalulekile
Ukulawulwa okunembile kokugxila kwesixazululo se-K2CO3 kubalulekile ngezizathu ezimbalwa. Amazinga e-KHCO3 eqile angaholela ekukhiqizweni kwegwebu ku-absorber, okuphazamisa ukuthintana noketshezi lwegesi, kunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kokumuncwa kwe-CO2, futhi kubeke engcupheni ukulimala kwemishini. Ngokuphambene, ukugxila kwe-K2CO3 okunganele kunciphisa amandla esixazululo okumunca amagesi aneasidi, okuholela ekuhlanzeni okungaphelele kanye nokungalandeli ukucaciswa komkhiqizo. Ukwengeza, ukugxila okungalungile kungakhuphula ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngesikhathi sokuvuselela, njengoba izixazululo ezicebile ngokweqile zidinga isitimu esengeziwe ukuze kukhululwe amagesi athunjiwe, futhi kungabhebhethekisa ukugqwala kwemishini ngenxa yemvelo ye-alkali yesisombululo.
Ngokomlando, ukuqapha okugxilile kwakuncike ekuthathweni kwesampula mathupha nokuhlaziywa kwelabhorethri, inqubo edinga abasebenzi abaningi, ejwayele ukubambezeleka, futhi engakwazi ukunikeza imininingwane yesikhathi sangempela. Le mikhawulo ingaholela ekungasebenzini kahle kwezinqubo, izindleko zokusebenza ezikhuphukile, kanye nokwephulwa kwemithetho engase ibe khona.Amamitha wokugxilisa we-potassium carbonate aphakathiukubhekana nalezi zinselele ngokuletha izilinganiso eziqhubekayo, ezinembile, ukunika amandla ukulungiswa okusheshayo ukuze kugcinwe izimo zenqubo ezisezingeni eliphezulu kanye nokwenza ngcono ukusebenzaBenfield ProcessScrubber.
Imikhiqizo Enconyiwe
Isebenza kanjani i-Inline Concentration Meters
Amamitha wokugxilisa we-potassium carbonate aphakathinomaabahlaziyiziyimonitha yenqubo esezingeni eliphezulu eklanyelwe ukukala u-K2CO3kanye ne-KHCO3ukugxilisana ngqo ngaphakathi kwenqubo yokusakaza, okuqeda isidingo sokuthatha amasampula okwenziwa ngesandla. Lezi zinsimbi zenzelwe ukusebenza ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima ze-Benfield Process, okuhlanganisa izinga lokushisa eliphezulu (kufika ku-110 ° C) nezingcindezi, futhi zakhiwe ngezinto ezimelana nokugqwala ukuze zimelane nemvelo ye-alkali yesisombululo sokukhuhla.
Kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe obuningi kulawa mamitha, ngalinye linikeza izinzuzo ezihlukile:
Isilinganiso se-Ultrasonic: Lawa mamitha akala isivinini somsindo ngoketshezi, oluhambisana nokuminyana nokugxila kwalo. Le ndlela ayithinteki ukuqhutshwa kwesixazululo, umbala, noma ukucaca, okuyenza ithembeke kakhulu kuhleloInqubo ye-Benfield ye-CO2ukususwa. Ngokunemba kokulinganisa kuka-0.05% kuya ku-0.1%, amamitha okugxilisa ingqondo e-ultrasonic ahlinzeka ngedatha enembile yokugcina izilinganiso ze-alkali-to-bicarbonate ezifanele.
Ukukala Kokuqhutshwa: Lawa mamitha ahlola ukuqhutshwa kukagesi kwesixazululo, okuhluka ngokugxila kwe-K+ ne-HCO3- ions. Amamitha we-conductivity ayabiza futhi afanele ukuqapha izinguquko ze-ionic kodwa angadinga isinxephezelo sezinga lokushisa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba.
Ukulinganiswa Kokuminyana: Ngokulinganisa ukuminyana kwesixazululo, esishintshana nengxenye ye-K2CO3 ne-KHCO3, lawa mamitha ahlinzeka ngenkomba ethembekile yokugxilisa ingqondo. Ukuminyana kwamamitha anembile kodwa angase adinge ukulinganiswa kokuhlukahluka kwezinga lokushisa.
Isilinganiso se-Coriolis: Nakuba ngokuyinhloko isetshenziselwa ukulinganisa ukugeleza, amamitha e-Coriolis angaphinda alinganise ukuminyana ngokunemba okuphezulu (isb, ±0.001g/cc), enikeza indlela yokunganyakazi ukuze anciphise ukugxilisa ingqondo kuzingxube zezingxenye ezimbili njenge-K2CO3 ne-KHCO3 izixazululo.
Lawa mamitha ngokuvamile afakwa epayipini eliphakathi kwe-absorber kanye ne-regenerator noma kulayini wokujikeleza kabusha, okuqinisekisa ukuqapha okupheleleuhlelo lokuhlanza igesi. Ngokuhlinzeka ngedatha yesikhathi sangempela, zenza o-opharetha bakwazi ukubona futhi balungise ukuchezuka kokugxilisa ingqondo ngokushesha, ukuvimbela izinkinga ezifana nokukhipha amagwebu noma ukumuncwa okwanele.
Amasu okufaka nokuhlanganisa
Ukwandisa ukusebenza kahle kwei-inline potassium carbonate concentration analyzers, ukufakwa kwamasu kubalulekile. Amamitha kufanele abekwe ezindaweni ezibucayi, njengepayipi elisuka ku-absorpsi liye ku-regenerator kanye ne-lean solution recirculation line, ukuze kuthathwe izinguquko zokugxilisa ingqondo kuyo yonke inqubo. Izinhlelo ezingafuneki zingatshalwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuqhubekayo ngesikhathi sokulungiswa, kuncishiswe isikhathi sokuphumula.
Ukuhlanganiswa nezinhlelo zokulawula izitshalo kuvumela ukulungiswa okuzenzakalelayo, njengokulawula umthamo we-K2CO3 noma okokufaka kwesitimu, ngokusekelwe kudatha yesikhathi sangempela. Ukulinganisa okuvamile ngezixazululo ezijwayelekile kubalulekile ukugcina ukunemba, ikakhulukazi ezimweni eziguqukayo ze-Benfield CO2 inqubo yokususa.
| Ubuchwepheshe | Izinzuzo | Izicelo kunqubo ye-Benfield |
| I-ultrasonic | Ukunemba okuphezulu, okungathinteki yi-conductivity | Ukuqapha i-K2CO3/KHCO3 kumapayipi adonsa amanzi |
| I-Conductivity | Ibiza izindleko, kulula ukuyisebenzisa | Ukulandelela izinguquko ze-ionic kusisombululo sokukhuhla |
| Ukuminyana | Ithembekile ekuqondeni kokugxilisa ingqondo | Ukulinganisa ukuminyana kwesixazululo kusivuseleli |
| Ama-Coriolis | I-Drift-free, ukunemba okuphezulu | Ukuqapha okuphelele ezinhlelweni zokugeleza okuphezulu |
Leli thebula libonisa ubuchwepheshe obubalulekile obusetshenziswa kuamamitha okuhlushwa, egqamisa ukufaneleka kwabo kweBenfield Process.
Izinzuzo Zamamitha Okugxilwa Ngasemgqeni
Ukuthuthukisa Ukusebenza Ngempumelelo
Ukwamukelwa kweamamitha wokuhlushwa we-potassium carbonate emgqenikuthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kwezitshalo zamakhemikhali. Ngokuhlinzeka ngedatha eqhubekayo, yesikhathi sangempela, lawa mamitha anika amandla opharetha ukuthi abone futhi alungise ukuchezuka kokugxilisa ingqondo ngokushesha, okunciphisa ubungozi bokuphazamiseka kwenqubo. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuvimbela ukukhihliza amagwebu okubangelwa amazinga aphezulu e-KHCO3 kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kusivuseleli, njengoba kudingeka isitimu esincane ukuze kukhululwe amagesi abanjiwe. Ukwandisa umthamo we-K2CO3 futhi kunciphisa udoti wempahla eluhlaza, kwehlisa izindleko zokusebenza.
In izitshalo zokukhiqiza i-ammonia, ukulawula ukugxilisa okunembile kuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yegesi yokuhlanganisa engaguquki, kunciphisa izindleko zamandla ezihlobene nokusebenza kabusha. Kuizitshalo zokucubungula igesi yemvelo, ukugcinwa kwamazinga e-K2CO3 afanele kuqinisekisa ukuthobelana nezicaciso zamapayipi, ukugwema izinhlawulo ezibizayo. Izilinganiso zemboni ziphakamisa ukuthi izitshalo ezisebenzisa amamitha aphakathi kwemigqa zingazuza ukonga amandla kuze kufike ku-15% futhi zinciphise isikhathi sabasebenzi ngokuzenzakalela izinqubo zokuqapha, ziqede isidingo sokuthatha amasampula okwenziwa ngesandla.
Ukuqinisekisa Ikhwalithi Yomkhiqizo kanye Nokuthotshelwa Kwemithetho
IBenfield Processkubalulekile ekukhiqizeni amagesi ahlangabezana namazinga okuhlanzeka aqinile, njengamazinga aphansi e-CO2 kanye ne-H2S okuhlanganiswa kwe-ammonia noma amapayipi egesi yemvelo.Amamitha okugxilisa asemgqeniqinisekisa ukuthi isixazululo sokukhuhla sigcina ukubunjwa okulungile, okuholela kugesi ehlanzekile yekhwalithi ephezulu. Ngokwesibonelo, kuizitshalo zokukhiqiza i-hydrogen, ukulawula okunembile kusekela ukuhlanzeka kwe-hydrogen ngezinqubo zokucwenga, ngenkathi ku-izitshalo ze-petrochemical, yenza kube lula ukukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali ahlanzekile njenge-ethylene oxide.
Ngokukhula kwemithethonqubo yezemvelo, ukuhambisana nakho kuyinto ehamba phambili. Amamitha asemgqeni asiza izitshalo ukuthi zibonise ukunamathela ezindinganisweni zokukhipha umoya ngokugcina ukukhishwa okuphumelelayo kwe-CO2, ukunciphisa ubungozi bezinhlawulo noma ukuphazamiseka kokusebenza. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kuizitshalo zamalahle ezigasification, lapho ukuhlanzeka kwe-syngas kubalulekile ekusetshenzisweni okuphansi komfula, nangaphakathiizitshalo eziqondile zokunciphisa insimbi, lapho izinga legesi lithinta ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza.
Ukonga Izindleko Nenani Lesikhathi Eside
Izinzuzo zezezimali zei-inline potassium carbonate concentration analyzerszibalulekile. Ngokuzenzakalela ukuqapha kokugxilisa ingqondo, lawa madivayisi anciphisa izindleko zabasebenzi ezihambisana nokuthatha amasampula okwenziwa ngesandla, okungagcina ihora elilodwa ngosuku emisebenzini emikhulu. Baphinde banciphise imfucuza ngokuvimbela ukudosiswa ngokweqile noma ngaphansi kwe-K2CO3, kuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe. Ukwengeza, ngokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla esigabeni sokuvuselela, izitshalo zingakwazi ukuzuza ukonga izindleko ezibalulekile, ikakhulukazi ezimbonini ezidinga amandla afanaukucubungula igesi yemvelofuthiukukhiqizwa kwe-ammonia.
Inani lesikhathi eside lithuthukiswa ukuqina kwalawa mamitha, aklanywe ngezinto ezimelana nokugqwala ukuze amelane nemvelo ye-alkalineinqubo yokuhlanza igesi. Izidingo zabo eziphansi zokunakekela kanye nekhono lokuhlanganisa nezinhlelo zokulawula ezikhona zibenza babe utshalomali olungabizi kakhulu lwezitshalo zamakhemikhali ezifuna ukukhulisa amandla abo.Inqubo ye-Benfield yokususwa kwegesi ye-asidi.
Ukukhetha I-Inline Concentration Meter Elungile
Imibandela Yokukhetha Ebalulekile
Ukukhetha ezifaneleimitha yokuhlushwa ye-potassium carbonate emgqenikudinga ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela kwezinto ezimbalwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhambisana nezidingo zokusebenza kwezitshalo zamakhemikhali:
- Ukunemba Nokwethenjelwa: Imitha kufanele inikeze izilinganiso ezinembile (isb, ukunemba okungu-0.05%–0.1%) ngaphansi kwamazinga okushisa aphezulu kanye nezingcindeziBenfield Processukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okungaguquki.
- Izinga Lokushisa Nokumelana Nokucindezela: Kumelwe imelane nezimo zokusebenza kuze kufike ku-110 ° C kanye nezingcindezi eziphezulu, ngokwakhiwa okuqinile ukuze isingathe isisombululo se-alkali.
- Ukuhambisana Kwezinto ezibonakalayo: Izinzwa kufanele zenziwe ngezinto ezimelana nokugqwala, njengama-alloys akhethekile, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphila isikhathi eside endaweni yamakhemikhali enokhahlo.
- Ukulula Ukufaka Nokunakekela: Isistimu kufanele ihlanganiswe ngaphandle komthungo kumapayipi akhona futhi idinga ukulungiswa okuncane ukuze kuncishiswe isikhathi sokuphumula.
- Ukuhlanganiswa Kwedatha: Ukuhambisana nezinhlelo zokulawula izitshalo kubalulekile ekulobeni idatha ngesikhathi sangempela kanye nokulungiswa okuzenzakalelayo, ukuthuthukisa ukulawulwa kwenqubo.
Lezi zindlela zokuhlola ziqinisekisa ukuthi imitha ekhethiwe ihlangabezana nezidingo ezithile zeizitshalo zokukhiqiza i-ammonia, izitshalo zokukhiqiza i-hydrogen, izitshalo zokucubungula igesi yemvelo, izitshalo ze-petrochemical, izitshalo eziqondile zokunciphisa insimbi, futhiizitshalo zamalahle ezigasification.
Ubuchwepheshe Okutholakalayo Nokucatshangelwa
Izinhlobo eziningana zeamamitha okuhlushwazilungele iBenfield Process, ngayinye inezinzuzo ezihlukile.Lonnmeter uAmamitha e-ultrasonic anikeza ukunemba okuphezulu futhi awathintwa izakhiwo zesixazululo, okuwenza alungele izingxube eziyinkimbinkimbi. Amamitha e-Conductivity ayabiza kakhulu kodwa angadinga isinxephezelo sezinga lokushisa. Amamitha wokuminyana ahlinzeka ngedatha yokugxilisa okuthembekile kodwa adinga ukulinganisa ngokuhlukahluka kwezinga lokushisa. Amamitha e-Coriolis, nakuba ebiza kakhulu, anikeza izilinganiso ezingagudluki futhi afanele amasistimu okugeleza okuphezulu.
Abaqhubi bezitshalo kufanele bahlole lobu buchwepheshe ngokusekelwe ezimweni ezithile zenqubo, njengebanga lokugxilisa ingqondo elilindelekile (isb., 20–30 wt% K2CO3), izinga lokushisa, kanye nemikhawulo yesabelomali. Ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ezinobumsulwa obuphezulu, njenge-inizitshalo ze-petrochemical, amamitha e-ultrasonic noma e-Coriolis angase ancandwe ngokunemba kwawo.
FAQs
I-Inline Concentration Meters Ayithuthukisa Kanjani Inqubo Ye-Benfield?
Amamitha wokugxilisa we-potassium carbonate aphakathiukunikeza ukuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela kwe-K2CO3kanye ne-KHCO3amazinga, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isixazululo sokukhuhla sigcina ukwakheka okuphelele ukuze kusebenze kahleukuhlanzwa kwegesi. Ngokuvimbela izinkinga ezifana nokukhipha amagwebu noma ukumuncwa okunganele, zithuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-Benfield Process Scrubber, iletha imiphumela yegesi yekhwalithi ephezulu yohlelo lokusebenza kuukukhiqizwa kwe-ammoniafuthiukucubungula igesi yemvelo.
Yiziphi Izinzuzo Zezindleko Zokusebenzisa Amamitha Okugxilwa Ngasemgqeni?
Leziamamitha okuhlushwaukunciphisa izindleko zokusebenza ngokuqapha ngokuzenzakalelayo, ukunciphisa izidingo zabasebenzi, nokuvimbela imfucuza ekudobeni okungalungile. Baphinde bathuthukise ukusetshenziswa kwamandla esigabeni sokuvuselela, banikeze ukonga okungafika ku-15% ezimbonini ezidinga amandla afanaukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogenfuthiigesi yamalahle.
Ingabe I-Inline Concentration Meters Ingakwazi Ukumelana Nezimo Zenqubo Ye-Benfield?
Okwesimanjei-inline potassium carbonate concentration analyzerszenzelwe ukusebenza ngokuthembekile ngaphansi kwamazinga okushisa aphezulu (kufika ku-110°C) nezingcindezi ze-Benfield Process. Yakhiwe ngezinto ezikwazi ukumelana nokugqwala, iqinisekisa ukusebenza kwesikhathi eside endaweni ene-alkalineuhlelo lokuhlanza igesi.
Isiphetho
Amamitha wokugxilisa we-potassium carbonate aphakathifuthiabahlaziyizibalulekile ekuthuthukiseniBenfield Process, okwenza izitshalo zamakhemikhali zithole ukulawula okunembile phezu kwe-K2CO3kanye ne-KHCO3ukugxila. Ngokuhlinzeka ngedatha yesikhathi sangempela, lawa mathuluzi athuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kweukuhlanzwa kwegesi, vimbela izinkinga zokusebenza ezifana nokukhihliza amagwebu, futhi uqinisekise ukuthobelana nezindinganiso eziqinile zendawo ezungezile kanye nekhwalithi.
Okwezimboni ezifanaizitshalo zokukhiqiza i-ammonia,izitshalo zokukhiqiza i-hydrogen,izitshalo zokucubungula igesi yemvelo,izitshalo ze-petrochemical,izitshalo eziqondile zokunciphisa insimbi, futhiizitshalo zamalahle ezigasification, ukwamukela lezi eziphambiliamamitha okuhlushwawutshalomali oluyisu oluletha ukonga kwezindleko ezibalulekile kanye nokusebenza kahle kakhulu. Oxhumana nayei-lonnmeternamuhla ukuhlola ofanelanaamamitha wokuhlushwa we-potassium carbonate emgqenifuthi uvule amandla aphelele akhoinqubo yokuhlanza igesi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-26-2025
