I-Slurry Yamanzi Amalahle
I. Izakhiwo Zomzimba kanye Nemisebenzi
Udaka lwamanzi amalahle luwudaka olwenziwe ngamalahle, amanzi kanye nenani elincane lezithasiselo zamakhemikhali. Ngokusho kwenhloso, udaka lwamanzi amalahle luhlukaniswe lwaba uphethiloli oncibilikayo wamanzi amalahle agxile kakhulu kanye nodaka lwamanzi amalahle ukuze kufakwe igesi yesithando somlilo sase-Texaco. Udaka lwamanzi amalahle lungampontshwa, lwenziwe i-athomu, lugcinwe futhi lubaselwe futhi lushiswe esimweni esizinzile. Cishe amathani ama-2 odaka lwamanzi amalahle angangena esikhundleni sethani elingu-1 lamafutha kawoyela.
Udaka lwamanzi amalahle okushisa lusebenza kahle kakhulu ekushiseni okuphezulu, ukonga amandla kanye nezinzuzo zemvelo, ingxenye ebalulekile yobuchwepheshe bamalahle ahlanzekile. Udaka lwamanzi amalahle lungathuthwa amabanga amade ngokuthuthwa ngamapayipi ngokutshalwa kwezimali okuphansi kanye nezindleko eziphansi zokusebenza. Ingashiswa ngokuqondile ngaphandle kokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni ngemva kokufika esigungwini, futhi inqubo yokugcina nokuthutha ivalwe ngokugcwele.
Amanzi azobangela ukulahlekelwa ukushisa futhi awakwazanga ukukhiqiza ukushisa enqubweni yokuvutha. Ngakho-ke, ukugcwala kwamalahle kufanele kufinyelele izinga eliphezulu elihlobene -- 65 ~ 70% ngokujwayelekile. Izithako zamakhemikhali cishe ziyi-1%. Ukulahlekelwa ukushisa okubangelwa amanzi kubala cishe u-4% yenani le-calorific lodaka lwamanzi amalahle. Amanzi ayinto engenakugwenywa ekufakweni kwegesi. Ngokwaleli phuzu lokubuka, ukugxilwa kwamalahle kungehliswa ku-62% ~ 65%, okungase kubangele ukusha kwe-oxygen okunamandla.
Ukuze kube lula ukusabela kokuvutha nokufaka umoya, udaka lwamanzi wamalahle lunezidingo ezithile zokucoliseka kwamalahle. Umkhawulo ongaphezulu wosayizi wezinhlayiyana zodaka lwamanzi amalahle kuphethiloli (usayizi wezinhlayiyana onezinga lokuphasa elingekho ngaphansi kuka-98%) ngu-300μm, futhi okuqukethwe okungaphansi kuka-74μm (200 mesh) akukhona ngaphansi kuka-75%. Ubuhle be-slurry yamanzi wamalahle ukuze kufakwe igesi bukhulu kancane kunobudaka lwamanzi wamalahle ukuze kuphethiswe. Umkhawulo ongaphezulu wosayizi wezinhlayiyana uvunyelwe ukuthi ufinyelele ku-1410μm (14 mesh), futhi okuqukethwe okungaphansi kuka-74μm (200 mesh) kungu-32% kuya ku-60%. Ukuze kwenziwe udaka lwamanzi wamalahle lube lula ukupompa kanye nokwenza i-atomize, udaka lwamanzi wamalahle lunezidingo zokugeleza kwamanzi.
Ezingeni lokushisa lasekamelweni kanye nezinga le-shear lika-100s, i-viscosity ebonakalayo ngokuvamile iyadingeka ukuthi ingabi ngaphezu kuka-1000-1500mPas. Udaka lwamanzi wamalahle olusetshenziswa ekuthuthweni kwamapayipi amabanga amade ludinga i-viscosity ebonakalayo engekho ngaphezu kuka-800mPa·s ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi (izinga lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu lonyaka lamapayipi agqitshwe ngaphansi) kanye nesilinganiso sokugunda esingu-10s-1. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka futhi ukuthi i-slurry yamanzi amalahle ibe ne-viscosity ephansi lapho isesimweni esigelezayo, esilungele ukusetshenziswa; uma iyeka ukugeleza futhi isesimweni esimile, ingabonisa i-viscosity ephezulu ukuze kube lula ukugcina.
Ukuzinza kwe-slurry yamalahle-amanzi ngesikhathi sokugcina nokuthutha kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba udaka lwamanzi lwamalahle luyingxube yezigaba eziqinile neziwuketshezi, futhi kulula ukuhlukanisa okuqinile noketshezi, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuthi kungabikho "imvula eqinile" ekhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokugcinwa nokuthutha. Okubizwa ngokuthi "imvula eqinile" ibhekisela emvuleni engakwazi ukubuyiselwa esimweni sayo sokuqala ngokunyakazisa udaka lwamanzi amalahle. Ikhono le-slurry yamanzi wamalahle ukugcina ukusebenza kokungakhiqizi imvula eqinile ibizwa ngokuthi "ukuzinza" kodaka lwamanzi amalahle. Udaka lwamanzi wamalahle aluzinzi kahle luyoba nomthelela omubi ekukhiqizeni uma nje izulu selinile ngesikhathi sokugcina nokuthuthwa.
II. Uhlolojikelele lwe-Coal-Water Slurry Preparation Technology
Udaka lwamanzi wamalahle ludinga ukugcwala kwamalahle okuphezulu, usayizi wezinhlayiyana ezinhle, uketshezi oluningi, nokuzinza okuhle ukuze kugwenywe imvula eqinile. Kuyoba nzima ukuhlangabezana nazo zonke lezi zakhiwo ezingenhla ngesikhathi esisodwa, ngoba ezinye zazo zivinjelwe ngokulinganayo. Isibonelo, ukwandisa ukugxilisa ingqondo kuzobangela ukuba i-viscosity ikhule futhi uketshezi luwohloke. I-fluidity enhle kanye ne-viscosity ephansi izokwenza ukuzinza kube kubi nakakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuqapha ukuhlushwa ngesikhathi sangempela. II-Lonnmeterimitha yokuminyana ephathwayoinokunemba okufika kokungu-0.003 g/ml, okungafinyelela isilinganiso esinembile sokuminyana futhi ilawule ngokunembile ukuminyana kodaka.
1. Khetha Kahle Ilahle Eliluhlaza Lokudonsa
Ngaphezu kokuhlangabezana nezidingo zabasebenzisi abazansi nomfula, ikhwalithi yamalahle okudonsa kufanele inake izici zayo zokudonsa - ubunzima bokudonsa. Amanye amalahle kulula ukwenza udaka lwamanzi amalahle agxile kakhulu ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile. Kwamanye amalahle, kunzima noma kudinga inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi yokudonsa kanye nezindleko eziphakeme ukwenza udaka lwamanzi amalahle agxile kakhulu. Izici zokudonsa zezinto zokusetshenziswa zokudonsa zinomthelela omkhulu ekutshalweni kwezimali, izindleko zokukhiqiza kanye nekhwalithi yodaka lwamanzi amalahle embonini yokudonsa. Ngakho-ke, umthetho wezakhiwo zokudonsa amalahle kufanele uphathwe kahle, futhi amalahle aluhlaza okudonsa kufanele akhethwe ngokuvumelana nezidingo zangempela kanye nemigomo yokusebenza kobuchwepheshe kanye nokuhluzeka kwezomnotho.
2. Ukugreda
I-slurry yamalahle-amanzi ayidingi nje ubukhulu bezinhlayiyana zamalahle ukuze kufinyelele ukucoleka okucacisiwe, kodwa futhi kudinga ukusabalalisa usayizi wezinhlayiyana ezinhle, ukuze izinhlayiya zamalahle ezinobukhulu obuhlukahlukene zigcwalise omunye nomunye, zinciphise izikhala phakathi kwezinhlayiya zamalahle, futhi zifinyelele "ukusebenza kahle kwe-stacking". Izikhala ezimbalwa zinganciphisa inani lamanzi asetshenziswayo, futhi kulula ukwenza udaka lwamanzi amalahle agxile kakhulu. Lobu buchwepheshe kwesinye isikhathi bubizwa ngokuthi "ukugreda".
3. Inqubo yokudonsa kanye nemishini
Ngaphansi kwezici ezinikezwe usayizi wezinhlayiyana zamalahle aluhlaza kanye nezimo zokugaywa, indlela yokwenza ukusatshalaliswa kosayizi wezinhlayiyana komkhiqizo wokugcina wamalahle-wamanzi oludaka kufinyelele "ukunqwabelanisa kahle" okuphezulu kudinga ukukhethwa okunengqondo kwemishini yokugaya kanye nenqubo ye-pulping.
4. Ukukhetha Izithasiselo Ezifanisa Ukusebenza
Ukuze wenze i-slurry yamanzi amalahle ifinyelele ukugxila okuphezulu, i-viscosity ephansi, ne-rheology enhle nokuzinza, inani elincane lamakhemikhali amakhemikhali, okubizwa ngokuthi "izithasiselo", kufanele zisetshenziswe. Ama-molecule esenzo se-additive ku-interface phakathi kwezinhlayiya zamalahle namanzi, anganciphisa i-viscosity, athuthukise ukuhlakazwa kwezinhlayiya zamalahle emanzini, futhi athuthukise ukuzinza kwe-slurry yamalahle-amanzi. Inani lezithasiselo ngokuvamile liyi-0.5% kuya ku-1% yenani lamalahle. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezithasiselo, futhi ifomula ayilungisiwe futhi kufanele inqunywe ngocwaningo lokuhlola.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-13-2025
