Ukuhlaziywa kwezizathu zobunzima bokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kwe-gypsum

2. Umthelela wekhwalithi ye-gypsum slurry

1 Ukuminyana kwe-slurry

Usayizi we-slurry density ubonisa ukuminyana kwe-slurry embhoshongweni wokumunca. Uma ukuminyana kukuncane kakhulu, kusho ukuthi okuqukethwe kwe-CaSO4 ku-slurry kuphansi futhi okuqukethwe kwe-CaCO3 kuphezulu, okubangela ngokuqondile ukuchithwa kwe-CaCO3. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngenxa yezinhlayiya ezincane ze-CaCO3, kulula ukubangela ubunzima be-gypsum dehydration; uma ukuminyana kwe-slurry kukhulu kakhulu, kusho ukuthi okuqukethwe kwe-CaSO4 ku-slurry kuphezulu. I-CaSO4 Ephakeme izovimbela ukuchithwa kwe-CaCO3 futhi ivimbele ukumuncwa kwe-SO2. I-CaCO3 ingena ohlelweni lwe-vacuum dehydration ne-gypsum slurry futhi ithinta umphumela wokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni we-gypsum. Ukuze unikeze ukudlala okugcwele ezinhlelweni zohlelo lokujikeleza kabili kwemibhoshongo ephindwe kabili yegesi emanzi ekhishwa yi-flue desulfurization, inani le-pH lombhoshongo wesiteji sokuqala kufanele lilawulwe phakathi kwebanga elingu-5.0±0.2, futhi ukuminyana kodaka kufanele kulawulwe ngaphakathi kwebanga elingu-1100±20kg/m3. Ekusebenzeni kwangempela, ukuminyana kwe-slurry kombhoshongo wesigaba sokuqala sesitshalo cishe ku-1200kg/m3, futhi kufinyelela ku-1300kg/m3 ngezikhathi eziphakeme, ezihlala zilawulwa ezingeni eliphezulu.

2. Izinga le-oxidation ephoqelelwe ye-slurry

I-oxidation ephoqelekile ye-slurry iwukwethula umoya owanele odaka ukwenza i-oxidation ye-calcium sulfite ibe yi-calcium sulfate reaction ijwayele ukuphelela, futhi izinga le-oxidation lingaphezulu kuka-95%, okuqinisekisa ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezanele ze-gypsum ku-slurry ukuze kukhule ikristalu. Uma i-oxidation inganele, kuzokwenziwa amakristalu axubile e-calcium sulfite ne-calcium sulfate, okubangele ukukala. Izinga le-oxidation ephoqelekile ye-slurry lincike ezintweni ezifana nenani lomoya we-oxidation, isikhathi sokuhlala sodaka, kanye nomthelela onyakazayo we-slurry. Umoya we-oxidation onganele, isikhathi sokuhlala esifushane kakhulu sodaka, ukusatshalaliswa okungalingani kodaka, nomthelela ongemuhle wokunyakazisa kuzodala okuqukethwe kwe-CaSO3·1/2H2O embhoshongweni ukuthi kuphakame kakhulu. Kungabonakala ukuthi ngenxa ye-oxidation yendawo enganele, okuqukethwe kwe-CaSO3 · 1/2H2O ku-slurry kuphezulu kakhulu, okuholela ebunzimeni bokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kwe-gypsum kanye nokuqukethwe kwamanzi aphezulu.

3. Okuqukethwe okungcolile odongeni Ukungcola okuseludaka ngokuyinhloko kuvela kugesi othululwayo kanye ne-limestone. Lokhu kungcola kwakha ama-ion angcolile ku-slurry, okuthinta ukwakheka kwe-lattice ye-gypsum. Izinsimbi ezisindayo ezincibilika ngokuqhubekayo emsini zizovimbela ukusabela kwe-Ca2+ ne-HSO3-. Uma okuqukethwe kwe-F- ne-Al3+ ku-slurry kuphezulu, kuzokhiqizwa i-fluorine-aluminium complex i-AlFn, evala izinhlayiya ze-limestone, okubangela ubuthi be-slurry, ukunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-desulfurization, kanye nezinhlayiya ze-limestone ezicolile zixutshwe kumakristalu e-gypsum angaphenduliwe ngokuphelele, okwenza kube nzima ukukhipha i-gypsum. I-Cl-in slurry iphuma ikakhulukazi ku-HCl ku-flue gas kanye namanzi okucubungula. I-Cl- content emanzini acutshungulwayo mancane uma kuqhathaniswa, ngakho-ke i-Cl- in slurry iphuma ikakhulukazi egesini. Uma kunenani elikhulu le-Cl- in slurry, i-Cl- izosongwa ngamakristalu futhi ihlanganiswe nenani elithile le-Ca2+ e-slurry ukuze yakhe i-CaCl2 ezinzile, ishiye inani elithile lamanzi kumakristalu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inani elithile le-CaCl2 ku-slurry lizohlala phakathi kwamakristalu e-gypsum, livimbe umzila wamanzi wamahhala phakathi kwamakristalu, okwenza ukuthi okuqukethwe kwamanzi e-gypsum kwande.

3. Umthelela wesimo sokusebenza kwemishini

1. Uhlelo lwe-Gypsum dehydration I-Gypsum slurry iphonswa ku-cyclone ye-gypsum ukuze kuphele amanzi emzimbeni ngepompo yokukhipha i-gypsum. Uma udaka lokugeleza okuphansi lugxiliswe kokuqukethwe okuqinile okungaba ngu-50%, kugeleza ku-vacuum belt conveyor ukuze kuphele amanzi okwesibili. Izici eziyinhloko ezithinta umphumela wokuhlukanisa we-gypsum cyclone ukucindezela kokungena kwesishingishane kanye nobukhulu bombhobho wokumisa isihlabathi. Uma umfutho we-cyclone inlet uphansi kakhulu, umphumela wokuhlukanisa uketshezi oluqinile uzoba mpofu, ukugeleza okuphansi okuphansi kuzoba nokuqukethwe okuqinile okuncane, okuzothinta umphumela wokuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi we-gypsum futhi kwandise okuqukethwe kwamanzi; uma i-cyclone inlet pressure iphezulu kakhulu, umphumela wokuhlukanisa uzoba ngcono, kodwa uzothinta ukusebenza kahle kwezigaba zesiphepho futhi kubangele ukuguga okubucayi kumathuluzi. Uma usayizi wombhobho wokuhlalisa isihlabathi mkhulu kakhulu, uzophinda ubangele ukuthi ukugeleza okuphansi kube nokuqukethwe okuqinile okuncane kanye nezinhlayiya ezincane, okuzophazamisa umphumela wokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni wesihambisi sebhande levacuum.

I-vacuum ephezulu kakhulu noma ephansi kakhulu izothinta umphumela wokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni we-gypsum. Uma i-vacuum iphansi kakhulu, ikhono lokukhipha umswakama ku-gypsum lizoncishiswa, futhi umphumela we-gypsum dehydration uzoba mubi kakhulu; uma i-vacuum iphezulu kakhulu, izikhala zendwangu yokuhlunga zingase zivinjelwe noma ibhande lingaphambuka, okuzophinde kuholele kumphumela omubi wokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni we-gypsum. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo zokusebenza, ngcono ukufinyeleleka komoya kwendwangu yokuhlunga, ngcono umphumela wokuphelelwa amanzi kwe-gypsum; uma ukuphefumula komoya kwendwangu yokuhlunga kungalungile futhi isiteshi sokuhlunga sivinjiwe, umphumela we-gypsum dehydration uzoba mubi kakhulu. Ubukhulu bekhekhe lesihlungi bubuye bube nomthelela omkhulu ekuphelelweni kwamanzi kwe-gypsum. Lapho ijubane le-conveyor yebhande liyancipha, ubukhulu bekhekhe lokuhlunga buyanda, futhi ikhono lepompo le-vacuum lokukhipha ungqimba olungaphezulu lwekhekhe lokuhlunga liyancipha, okuholela ekwandeni komswakama we-gypsum; lapho isivinini se-belt conveyor sikhuphuka, ubukhulu bekhekhe lokuhlunga buyancipha, okulula ukubangela ukuvuza kwekhekhe lesihlungi sendawo, ukubhubhisa i-vacuum, futhi kubangele ukwanda komswakama we-gypsum.

2. Ukusebenza okungavamile kwesistimu yokuhlanza amanzi angcolile e-desulfurization noma umthamo omncane wokuhlanza amanzi angcolile kuzothinta ukukhishwa okujwayelekile kwamanzi angcolile e-desulfurization. Ngaphansi kokusebenza isikhathi eside, ukungcola okufana nentuthu nothuli kuzoqhubeka kungena ku-slurry, futhi izinsimbi ezisindayo, i-Cl-, F-, Al-, njll ku-slurry izoqhubeka nokucebisa, okuholela ekuwohlokeni okuqhubekayo kwekhwalithi ye-slurry, okuthinta inqubekelaphambili evamile yokusabela kwe-desulfurization, ukwakheka kwe-gypsum nokuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi. Uma sithatha i-Cl- in slurry njengesibonelo, i-Cl- okuqukethwe odongeni lombhoshongo wokumunca wezinga lokuqala lesikhungo samandla iphezulu njengo-22000mg/L, kanti i-Cl- content ku-gypsum ifinyelela ku-0.37%. Uma i-Cl- content ku-slurry cishe i-4300mg/L, umphumela wokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni we-gypsum uba ngcono. Njengoba okuqukethwe kwe-chloride ion kwanda, umphumela wokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni we-gypsum uwohloka kancane kancane.